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Create 08_4_Scripting_a_Multisig.md

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08_4_Scripting_a_Multisig.md
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> **NOTE:** This is a draft in progress, so that I can get some feedback from early reviewers. It is not yet ready for learning. > **NOTE:** This is a draft in progress, so that I can get some feedback from early reviewers. It is not yet ready for learning.
Before we close out this intro to P2SH scripting, it's worth examining a more realistic example. Ever since [§6.1: Sending a Transaction to a Multisig](6_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md), we've been casually saying that the `bitcoin-cli` interface wraps its multisig transaction in a P2SH transaction. In fact, this is the standard methodology for creating multisigs on the Blockchain. Here's how that works, in depth. Before we close out this intro to P2SH scripting, it's worth examining a more realistic example. Ever since [§6.1](06_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md), we've been casually saying that the `bitcoin-cli` interface wraps its multisig transaction in a P2SH transaction. In fact, this is the standard methodology for creating multisigs on the Blockchain. Here's how that works, in depth.
## Understand the Multisig Code ## Understand the Multisig Code
@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ _What is a consensus rule?_ These are the rules that the Bitcoin nodes follow to
## Create a Raw Multisig ## Create a Raw Multisig
As discussed in [§8.1: Building a Bitcoin Script with P2SH](8_1_Building_a_Bitcoin_Script_with_P2SH.md), multisigs are one of the standard Bitcoin transaction types. A transaction can be created with a locking script that uses the raw `OP_CHECKMULTISIG` command, and it will be accepted into a block. This is the classic methodology for using multisigs in Bitcoin. As discussed in [§8.1: Building a Bitcoin Script with P2SH](08_1_Building_a_Bitcoin_Script_with_P2SH.md), multisigs are one of the standard Bitcoin transaction types. A transaction can be created with a locking script that uses the raw `OP_CHECKMULTISIG` command, and it will be accepted into a block. This is the classic methodology for using multisigs in Bitcoin.
As an example, we will revisit the multisig created in [§6.1](6_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md) one final time and build a new locking script for it using this methodology. As you may recall, that was a 2-of-2 multisig built from `$address1` and `$address2`. As an example, we will revisit the multisig created in [§6.1](06_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md) one final time and build a new locking script for it using this methodology. As you may recall, that was a 2-of-2 multisig built from `$address1` and `$address2`.
As as `OP_CHECKMULTISIG` locking script requires the "m" (`2`), the addresses, and the "n" (`2`), you could write the following `scriptPubKey`: As as `OP_CHECKMULTISIG` locking script requires the "m" (`2`), the addresses, and the "n" (`2`), you could write the following `scriptPubKey`:
``` ```
2 $address1 $address2 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG 2 $address1 $address2 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG
``` ```
If this looks familiar, that's because it's the multisig that you deserialized in [§8.2: Building the Structure of P2SH](8_2_Building_the_Structure_of_P2SH.md). If this looks familiar, that's because it's the multisig that you deserialized in [§8.2: Building the Structure of P2SH](08_2_Building_the_Structure_of_P2SH.md).
``` ```
2 0307fd375ed7cced0f50723e3e1a97bbe7ccff7318c815df4e99a59bc94dbcd819 0367c4f666f18279009c941e57fab3e42653c6553e5ca092c104d1db279e328a28 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG 2 0307fd375ed7cced0f50723e3e1a97bbe7ccff7318c815df4e99a59bc94dbcd819 0367c4f666f18279009c941e57fab3e42653c6553e5ca092c104d1db279e328a28 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG
``` ```
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3. Validate `0 $signature1 $signature2 2 $address1 $address2 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG`. 3. Validate `0 $signature1 $signature2 2 $address1 $address2 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG`.
4. Succeed if the operands fulfill the deserialized `redeemScript`. 4. Succeed if the operands fulfill the deserialized `redeemScript`.
Now you know how the multisig transaction in [§6.1](6_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md) was actually created, how it was validated for spending, and why that `redeemScript` was so important. Now you know how the multisig transaction in [§6.1](06_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md) was actually created, how it was validated for spending, and why that `redeemScript` was so important.
## Summary: Creating Multisig Scripts ## Summary: Creating Multisig Scripts
Multisigs are a standard transaction type, but they're a bit cumbersome to use, so they're regularly incorporated in P2SH transactions, as was the case in [§6.1](6_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md) when we created our first multisigs. The result is cleaner, smaller, and more standardized — but more importantly, it's a great real-world example of how P2SH scripts really work. Multisigs are a standard transaction type, but they're a bit cumbersome to use, so they're regularly incorporated in P2SH transactions, as was the case in [§6.1](6_1_Sending_a_Transaction_to_a_Multisig.md) when we created our first multisigs. The result is cleaner, smaller, and more standardized — but more importantly, it's a great real-world example of how P2SH scripts really work.
## What's Next?
Continue "Embedding Bitcoin Scripts" with [§8.5: Spending a P2SH Transaction](08_5_Spending_a_P2SH_Transaction.md).